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Do Spring Training Stats Mean Anything?

With Spring Training games beginning this week, the first stats of 2007 will start to roll in soon. How much should weight should we give to these numbers, though? Major league pitchers will be facing raw AA level talent, and top-level hitters will face pitchers with no MLB experience and very little "stuff". The inconsistency of talent in the lineups is quite significant.

Every year you'll hear a few managers insist that the performance of players in March won't win them a job. You'll also hear a few proclaim that the competition for a roster spot will depend on who performs in the spring. Who is right here, and who'd wrong? I think I can at least shed a little light on the subject.

I'm far from the first person to consider this question. Joe Sheehan summed it up fairly well in a Baseball Prospectus article from 2003. He concluded that stats in March are largely meaningless. You could break it down and see the quality of players that a specific pitcher or hitter faced, which would give some legitimacy to the stats, but you're still looking at rough numbers. But to what level should we disregard the stats from March?

If we can't trust the numbers at face value, can we at least trust them to serve as barometers of early season trends? Will a player who's hitting hot in March carry that through to April? Will a slumping hitter continue to slump once the season begins?

I took a look at all players who got at least 50 at-bats in Spring Training of March 2006 and accumulated another 50 in the regular season's first month of April. My list was 135 players long.

After comparing the stats from March with how each player began the year in April, I reached a couple of conclusions:

- One, that was more time-consuming than I anticipated.

- Two, Google Docs is very, very handy.

- Three, there seems to be a very small correlation between performance in March carrying through to April. It's so small, it's almost not real.

If you'd like a look at the numbers, here's a link to the Google Spreadsheet.

For the more visually inclined, here's a chart of the differences between AVG, OBP and SLG between March and April of 2006. The total at-bats in March and April increase from left to right, to help spread out the data so you can see the grouping.

I should probably provide some numbers, too, like correlation coefficients. Here they are:

Average R = -0.04667

On-Base R = 0.1308

Slugging R = 0.1513

OPS R = 0.1235

As you can see, that's not a very convincing case that players who hit well in March will stay hot, or those that start cold will stay cold.

For every Robinson Cano, who hit .326/.359/.465 in March and .330/.350/.450 in April, there are ten players like Bobby Crosby, who hit .277/.360/.492 and then .220/.260/.320 the next month.

I'd encourage you to go check out the spreadsheet I linked above. There are some interesting cases, like Casey Kotchman, Rondell White, and Ben Broussard, where their Spring Training was absolutely nothing like their April.

If you're not yet convinced that Spring Training statistics have little, if anything, to do with how a player is going to hit in the regular season, take this into consideration: Last March, Doug Mientkiewicz slugged .627. To quote Forrest Gump, that's all I have to say about that.

But, this is just my opinion. What do you think?

---

Credit where credit's due: Without David Pinto's wonderful Day-by-day Database, this wouldn't have seen the light of day.

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I have seen one such study....
In, of all places, the Wall St. Journal (hear me out people!). A couple of years back I believe they tackled the same issue, and came to two conclusions: 1) that pitching stats mean nothing (this is the easy one) and, 2) that batter stats mean something only for the players who are so hot in the spring that they about double their career OPS. Those batters are very likely to see their produciton increase over their average. Two years back they noted that only Andrew Jones and Nomar had such springs, and tho Nomar stubbed his toe again in 05, Andrew did have his best year that year. I can't find last year's spring stats, but I thought that Ryan Howard was hitting about a homer a game.

I.e., players who are totally other-worldly can't-get-'em-out en fuego in March are likely to carry this over into the regular season.

But since I don't subscribe to the WSJ I cannot search back stories, but the idea might have some merit.

by gsciv on Feb 28, 2007 1:47 PM EST reply actions  

Howard
11 HR in 85 AB is pretty damn hot. Although, Cory Sullivan hit three home runs in 58 AB, and then hit only two all season for the Rockies. For the most part, though, the theory that players who have ridiculously good springs will have good Aprils holds true.

by Ryan Armbrust on Feb 28, 2007 2:58 PM EST up reply actions  

I guess
I could just look at your spreadsheet for the 06 spring stats..... didn't see that somehow.

by gsciv on Feb 28, 2007 1:58 PM EST reply actions  

ST Stats
One thing you can conclude from this:  Spring batting stats are inflated.  The average OPS from your study group was .859.  In April the same batters posted only .784, a 9% decline.

If you look only at those batters that had an OPS over 1.000 in the spring, they did only 4% better than the group as a whole in April, .815.

If you look at those who were under .700 in March, they were only 4% below average in April, .759.

by fjm235 on Mar 1, 2007 4:07 AM EST reply actions  

Thanks for the kind words
Another way to say it: OPS regression to the mean is approximately 90% from March to April.  It would be interesting to apply the same analysis to April vs. May, or August vs. September.

by fjm235 on Mar 2, 2007 10:17 AM EST up reply actions  

well
Interesting that Tigers Velender and Webb show up on the Spring 06 overachievers.

by David Bloom on Mar 3, 2007 8:38 AM EST reply actions  

Dewan
John Dewan had something in Baseball Forecaster regarding spring training SLG.  I applied it to '06 spring stats and it looks pretty good; '05 not so much.

http://www.rotoauthority.com/2007/03/spring_training.html

by Tim Dierkes on Mar 5, 2007 1:42 AM EST reply actions  

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