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Expanding on Harry's Whiff Rate Article in The Wall Street Journal

In case you don't read the Wall Street Journal regularly, you can check out Harry's article online here, no registration required.  In it, his research shows that the fives pitches that have induced the most whiffs per swing in 2009 (minimum 150 swings) are Michael Wuertz's slider, Zach Greinke's slider, Rich Harden's changeup, A.J. Burnett's curveball, Jorge de la Rosa's slider.  Since Harry's busy finishing off his presentation for the Pitch f/x Summit this weekend, I'm going to present some more interesting data from his whiff rate study, which he was kind enought to share with me.  Try this table, and there are threee more after the jump:

Highest Whiff Rates By Pitch Type, Min 150 Swings

Changeups Whiff Sliders Whiff Curve Balls Whiff
Rich Harden 48.6% Michael Wuertz 49.7% A.J. Burnett 48.3%
Tim Lincecum 41.9% Zack Greinke 49.0% Yovani Gallardo 40.2%
Cole Hamels 39.2% Jorge De La Rosa 42.5% Roy Halladay 39.6%
C.C. Sabathia 39.1% Edwin Jackson 41.8% Chad Billingsley 37.6%
John Danks 38.5% Scott Richmond 40.4% Adam Wainwright 36.7%

Star-divide

I'm a bit surprised Johan Santan's changeup doesn't make the top five list -- he's down at 33.8%, sandwiched between Kyle Davies and Kyle Lohse.  Three other lefties are on the changeups list, which makes sense considering offspeed pitches are a great pitch choice against opposite handed hitters and the league has more right-handed batters.  The top five list that appeared in the WSJ contained three of the sliders above, although De La Rosa is the only lefty.  I'm impressed he's able to get so many whiffs with his slider as a starter who doesn't face a significant percentage of lefties.  No shockers in the curve ball column.

Highest Whiff Rates By Pitch Type, 75 to 149 Swings

Changeups Whiff Sliders Whiff Curve Balls Whiff
Franc. Rodriguez 55.0% Joel Hanrahan 49.5% Billy Buckner 46.3%
Javier Vazquez 48.8% Tony Pena 48.2% Jason Hammel 42.9%
Ryan Madson 48.2% Jonathan Broxton 47.9% J.P. Howell 38.3%
Jason Vargas 45.9% Kiko Calero 47.4% Gavin Floyd 37.5%
Francisco Liriano 38.5% Scott Olsen 46.4% Javier Vazquez 36.8%

Lowering the number of swings required to qualify brings a lot more relievers into the fold.  Javier Vazquez lands in both the changeups and curve balls columns.  He's been so good that you could argue he should throw either pitch more often, but then he's probably have to throw less of the other one.  What a great problem to have, Mr. All-Star Snub.  Joel Hanrahan is second only to Michael Wuertz in the slider category overall, and that near-50% whiff rate is a great sign for the Pirates, who just acquired Hanrahan.

Worst Whiff Rates By Pitch Type, Min 75 Swings

Changeups Whiff Sliders Whiff Curve Balls Whiff
Joel Pineiro 10.3% Brian Bannister 9.1% Chris Jakubauskas 9.5%
Brad Thompson 12.2% Lance Cormier 12.6% Brad Penny 10.9%
Bartolo Colon 12.5% Sean Marshall 12.8% Bronson Arroyo 14.8%
Brad Bergesen 14.0% Tomo Ohka 12.9% Randy Wolf 15.2%
Bronson Arroyo 14.0% Gil Meche 13.0% Barry Zito 15.6%

Ok, here we go, time to have pitty on some pitchers.  A 14% whiff rate on his changeup and 15% whiff rate on his curveball are certainly two reasons Bronson Arroyo has struggled this year.  Have the pitches been especially poor or has his inability to command his fastball made them less effective?  Given the success of many other pitchers with sliders as their out pitch, these guys in the middle column are a bit disappointing.  Is there anything different about the way they throw the pitch that makes it more of a contact pitch?  And with the curve balls, Barry Zito?  Really?  Now, I'm sure the frequency with which he throws it doesn't help, but is it time we change our impressions of Zito's strengths a pitcher?

Best & Worst Fastball Whiff Rates, Min 150 Swings

Best Fastball Type Whiff Worst Fastball Type Whiff
Andrew Bailey F4 40.3% Joe Blanton F2 2.7%
Brian Tallet F2 36.7% Shane Loux F4 3.2%
Jon Lester FC 31.8% Bronson Arroyo FA 3.6%
James Parr FA 30.9% Craig Stammen F4 3.6%
Rafael Soriano F4 30.7% Carlos Silva F2 4.1%
Andrew Bailey FC 28.7% Joshua Geer FA 4.2%
Matt Thornton F4 27.7% Nick Blackburn F4 4.6%
Javier Vazquez F4 26.7% Jeff Karstens F4 5.1%
Octavio Dotel F4 26.7% Mark Buehrle FC 5.2%
Robinson Tejeda F4 25.9% Joshua Geer F4 5.3%
David Aardsma F4 25.8% Miguel Batista F4 5.5%

I've lumped all the fastballs together, for better or worse.  Four-seamers are F4, two-seamers and sinkers are F2, cutters are FC, and FA denotes a generic fastball (Harry was using a combination of Gameday classifications and his own home-brewed classifications.)  In general, it seems four-seemers are the best whiff-pitch, while two-seamers are better for inducing ground balls.  Cutters are more effective against opposite-handed hitters.

Among the impressive fastballs in the left-hand column, there are a couple surprising names, at least to me: Brian Tallet (that explains his breakout year), James Parr (who?) and Robinson Tejeda.  A lot of the other names are known for being fastball machines.  And up, that's Javier Vazquez showing up near the top of the whiffs leader board for a third pitch.

On the other side of things, Bronson Arroyo makes another appearance (what is going on?)  Two Mariners are on the list, holdovers from the previous regime.

What else did you notice while looking through the leader boards?  Certainly some intriguing information there.

0 recs  |  Comment 11 comments |

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I was watching Lincecum on Sportcenter

His changeup is crazy right now. I exspect him to be higher on that list by the end of the year

No one goes there anymore, it's too crowded. - Yogi Berra

by trademan56 on Jul 10, 2009 2:31 PM EDT reply actions   0 recs

Tony Pena's slider being that good surprises me

you’d think he could crack a 7 K/9 having a 95+ MPH heater and a slider that hitters miss half the time. He throws it 35% of his pitches, too.

by Daniel Berlyn on Jul 10, 2009 3:20 PM EDT reply actions   0 recs

Hitters have swung at 85 out of 152 sliders for a 56% swing rate.

In the data Harry sent me, the average for sliders is 47%, so Pena’s better than average.

Of all the sliders he’s thrown, 27% have been whiffs compared to a league average on sliders of 13.5%.

by Sky Kalkman on Jul 10, 2009 4:18 PM EDT up reply actions   0 recs

That's pretty impressive

So is he making a lot of mistakes? I’m not familiar with what is average for a pitcher, but he seems to give up a decent number of line drives. His BABIP has been very high over the past couple of seasons and it doesn’t look like Arizona’s defense has been terrible, though Pena is a groundball pitcher and their infield defense is much worse than their outfield.

by Daniel Berlyn on Jul 10, 2009 5:06 PM EDT up reply actions   0 recs

Joe Blanton

i’m shocked blanton has the worst fastball in the major leagues (per whiff %). considering he’s averaging like 8 k/9.

by jamiethekiller on Jul 10, 2009 4:50 PM EDT reply actions   0 recs

Looking closer at the data, he has two fastballs, both with large samples:

The sinker has a really low whiff rate, but his four-seamer is at a 7.4% whiff rate. His slider and curve are at 32% and 28% respectively, so those pitches are where he’s getting the SOs.

by Sky Kalkman on Jul 10, 2009 4:54 PM EDT up reply actions   0 recs

League averages whiff rates:

CU: 28.7%
SL: 28.7% (really, the same number)
F4: about 14% (two different labels)
F2: about 12% (two different labels)
FC: 17.7% (so my hypothesis in the article on the F4 being the best whiff fastball is wrong)
CH: 26.4%

by Sky Kalkman on Jul 10, 2009 4:57 PM EDT reply actions   0 recs

I'd like to see

Split-Fingers examined.

34 - N.J.A - R.I.P

by Figgi4life on Jul 10, 2009 9:26 PM EDT reply actions   0 recs

No Dan Haren anywhere?

"In the future, I want to be a fossil. Or, at least have my feces be fossilized"
-Pygalgia

by DbacksSkins on Jul 11, 2009 1:31 AM EDT reply actions   0 recs

Good point.

Haren’s had two pitches swung at at least 150 times:

Slider at 39% whiff rate
Four-seamer at 14% whiff rate

These have at least 75 swings:

Changeup at 34% whiff rate
Curve ball at 25% whiff rate

The cutter’s been swung at 64 times and has a 25% whiff rate.

Compare those rates to the averages above, the slider, change up, and cutter are all well above average, the fastball is average, and the curve ball is a touch below average.

(Average meaning average for creating whiffs, not other stuff like location and not yielding home runs.)

by Sky Kalkman on Jul 11, 2009 6:28 PM EDT up reply actions   0 recs

Haren's pitch ids

Are tough to nail down. Those, I think, are all from Gameday. Take your grains of salt. Haren is a cloud of pitches rather than tight clusters of pitches, when looking at PFX graphs.

by Harry Pavlidis on Jul 12, 2009 12:33 PM EDT up reply actions   0 recs

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